Friction
welding is a type of solid state welding process in which pressure and
mechanical friction is used to join the material. The pressure will develop the
high friction between the parts and friction will cause the welding. There
would be a relative motion between the parts to be joined. the relative motion
can be rotary or linear. The friction welding with rotary relative motion (one
part is rotating and another is stationary) is calls spin welding. In this
welding process the melting of materials do not occurs. The workpieces are
fused in one another by forging. That is why the grain structure of the
materials do not change and properties of material also do not change after
friction welding.
The joining
of dissimilar material is feasible in this process. As the melting of material
do not occur in the process so the welding joint between two parts having
different properties is possible. The process is time saving so high production
rate can be achieved in this welding process. This material joining process is
very suitable for plastic welding because low heat and low effort is required
to join the plastic welding so the plastic components can be welded in a simple
and efficient manner.
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| Friction welding animation |
PROCESS:-
- In the process, one part would be fixed in a fixture or clamp with rigidity.
- The other specimen will be rotating, so it would be attached to a rotating spindle.
- Then the pressure is applied on the specimens to generate the required heat and required conditions for joining the material.
- When the specimen come near to each other the axial force will be increased.
- The control on rotational motion is necessary because when axial force is increased the rotation speed should be reduced.
- Then the surfaces to be joined will produce the heat due to friction induced by rotating piece to stationary piece and joining of material takes place without melting the material.
ADVANTAGES:-
- Fast process and higher rate of production
- The process is environment friendly and do not emits harmful gases.
- Dissimilar materials or material with different properties can be joined with a strong joint.
- Heavy preparation is not required.
- Heat affected area is less and properties of material do not changes after welding.
- The strong bond is crested by this method between the workpiece.
- The process is very suitable for plastic welding.
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